Waveguide Probe Antenna 8 dBi Gain, 33GHz-50GHz Frequency Range

The working principle of rectangular waveguide

Reflection and Refraction: As the waves propagate within the waveguide, they encounter the walls of the waveguide. At the boundary between the waveguide and the surrounding air or dielectric medium, the waves can experience reflection and refraction. The dimensions of the waveguide and the operating frequency determine the reflection and refraction characteristics.

Directional Radiation: Due to the rectangular shape of the waveguide, the waves undergo multiple reflections at the walls. This causes the waves to be guided along a specific path within the waveguide and results in a highly directional radiation pattern. The radiation pattern depends on the dimensions and shape of the waveguide.

Losses and Efficiency: Rectangular waveguides typically have low losses, which contribute to their high efficiency. The metallic walls of the waveguide minimize the energy loss through radiation and absorption, allowing for efficient transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves.